Histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced by Bisphenol A in reproductive tissues of female rat

Background: Bisphenol A [BPA] is an environmental chemical that has been widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins for many years. Due to its major applications in the production of plastic food or beverage containers and the coating of food cans, people of different ages are inevitably exposed to BPA in daily life. It is a contaminant with increasing exposure to it and exerts both toxic and estrogenic effects on mammalian cells

Aim of the work: the present study was designated to evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical effect of BPA on the histoarchitecture of pituitary ,adrenal, ovarian and uterine axis of female albino rats and the ameliorative effect of antiestrogen drug and stem enhance

Experimental model and methods: 20 female albino rats weighing 100 - 120 g. were kept under observation for about 15 days before the onset of the experiment for adaptation, then the rats were classified into 4 groups 5 rats for each , the first group was left without any treatment for 30 days as negative control group , the second group was administered with 20 mg/kg.bw of BPA for 15 consecutive days as positive control, the third group administered with 20 mg/kg.bw of BPA for 15 consecutive days and then treated with antiestrogen drug as 0.1 mg/100gm.bw for 15 day, the fourth group administered with the same dose for the same period and the treated with stem enhance [4.5 mg/100.bw] for 15 days. All rats are scarified and organs were histologically examined after processing

Results: The results showed that PA has a histopathological effects on vital organs [pituitary, adrenal, ovary, oviduct and uterus] even for a short period with minimal ameliorative effect of antiestrogen drug and stem enhance

Histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced by contraceptive pills in the cervix of female rabbits

Oral contraceptive pills [OCPs] are the most popular form of hormonal contraception in young women. The present study focused on evaluating the effects of two different contraceptive pills including combined pills [estrogen and progesterone] and mini pills [progesterone only] on the cervix of female rabbit. After three months of daily oral administration of these contraceptive pills the animals were sacrificed. The excised organs were dissected, processed and stained with H and E, PAS reaction and Masson's trichrome stain and orcein stain. This was followed by morphometric measurements and statistical study. This study revealed that contraceptive pills administration - specially the combined one - caused marked alterations in the form of hyperplastic cervical mucosal cells and hypertrophied muscular layer. Also, there was a significant increase in collagenous and elastic fibres content in the muscular layer of the cervix. There was also a statistically significant increase in PAS positive materials in the lumina of the mucosal glands of the cervix. All these changes were less marked in the case of mini pill treatment. Pills of progesterone only showed marked histopathological change, in the cervix as a contraceptive mean, but in less manner than the combined pills [estrogen and progesterone]

Histological and immunohistochemical study on the changes induced by contraceptive pills in the female rabbit's kidney

The mechanism for the development of overt hypertension due to the oral contraception ingestion remains unclear. Experimental evidence favors a role for the renin-angiotensin system. The present study focuses on evaluating the effect of two different contraceptive pills including combined pills [estrogen and progesterone] and mini pills [progesterone only] on the kidney of female rabbit. After three month of daily oral administration of these contraceptive pills the animals were sacrificed. The excised kidneys were dissected, processed and stained with H and E, PAS and Masson's trichrome and anti-angiotensin II immunohistochemical stains. This was followed by morphometric measurements and statistical study. This study revealed that contraceptive pills administration specially the combined one caused marked alterations in the form of damaged kidney tubules with cell swelling and loss of brush border and enlarged glomeruli with hypercellularity. Also, a statistically significant increase in collagenous content peritubular and peri and intraglomerular was observed. There was also a statistically significant increase in the anti-Angiotensin II immunoreactivity in renal tubules as well as intra-glomerular and in the interstitial cells. All these changes were less marked after mini pill treatment. Progesterone only pills could be safer on the kidney as a contraceptive mean when compared to combined pills